Informal employment is a reality for roughly two-thirds of economically active youth in urban Egypt, and it has been … whether informal employment rewards job qualification measures, using survey data from 2006 and a Blinder-Oaxaca wage … and formal private jobs tend to reward those with formal qualifications, while informal employment tends to reward …

This paper discusses the issue of informal employment and its effect on the income distribution in China using datasets … from the China Urban Labour Surveys of 2005 and 2010. Based on a new definition of informal employment, we estimated the … proportion of informal employment relative to total non-agricultural employment in urban China and found it to be 49.7% in 2005 …

This paper takes stock of informal employment in Russia analyzing its incidence and determinants, developing several … measures of informal employment and demonstrating that the incidence varies widely across the different definitions. We …, however, show that the determinants of informal employment are roughly stable across the different measures. We also estimate …

This paper takes stock of informal employment in Russia analyzing its incidence and determinants, developing several … measures of informal employment and demonstrating that the incidence varies widely across the different definitions. We …, however, show that the determinants of informal employment are roughly stable across the different measures. We also estimate …