Large swings in the expenditure shares of goods and services at the start of the pandemic have contributed to the inflation surge, posing new challenges for monetary policy. Using a multi-sector model featuring upward labor adjustment frictions, we analyze the transmission of monetary policy...

We study how within-store price variation changes with inflation, and whether households exploit it to attenuate the inflation burden. We use micro price data for food products sold by 91 large multi-channel retailers in 10 countries between 2018 and 2024. Measuring unit prices within narrowly...

We use Canadian home scanner data to study household food inflation rates during periods of low and high inflation. We find that during the post-pandemic surge in inflation, the actual inflation rates experienced by different households varied more widely. Low-income households faced higher...

We explain how the Bank of Canada's policy models capture the trade-off between output and inflation in Canada. We start by briefly revisiting the determinants of the New Keynesian Phillips curve. Next, we provide an overview of the Phillips curves that are currently embedded in the two main...

We develop and estimate a search model in which identical consumers trade with price-setting firms that differ in productivity. In the model, equilibrium distributions of both prices and markups are non-degenerate and continuous with a firm's price decreasing as its productivity increases....

We investigate the macroeconomic impacts of mothballed businesses-those that closed temporarily-on sectoral equilibrium prices after a negative demand shock. First, we introduce a new establishment-level dataset derived from Google Places. We confirm the importance of temporary closures during...

We assess whether unconventional monetary and fiscal policy implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S. contribute to the 2021-2023 inflation surge through the lens of several different empirical methodologies-event studies, vector autoregressions, and regional panel regressions...

Household inflation can be decomposed into three terms that reflect nominal expenditure, real quantities and household preferences, using the money pump proposed by Echenique, Lee and Shum (2011). I quantify the importance of changes in household preferences on household inflation rates using 11...

This paper studies the behaviors of uncertainty through the lens of several popular models of expectation formation. The full-information rational expectations model (FIRE) predicts that both the ex ante uncertainty and the variance of ex post forecast errors are equal to the conditional...