This paper assesses whether or to what extent the macroeconomic imbalances, which emerged in the "North" and "South" of the European Monetary Union before the financial and economic crisis of 2008/09, are symmetric. Firstly, we calculate bilateral exports and imports between all EU member...

Few studies have examined the relationship between inter-industry, inter-corporate ownership (ICO) patterns and inter-industry resource exchange patterns. Using data from Statistics Canada, this paper reveals a positive association between the degree of ICO linkages and the degree of...

In these last four or five years, the creation of a Maritime Cluster in Portugal has been an issue of first political and economic relevance in the Country. The enlargement of the Continental Shelf under national jurisdiction into a total surface of 2.2 millions square kilometres (with a...

Since key sectors have high backward and forward linkages with rest of the economy, investment in these sectors is expected to maximize the economic growth, which is extensively meaningful in undeveloped or developing countries with limited resources. Besides, it is considerably necessary and...