The so-called "European model" of market integration has evolved over many decades. In particular, the original plan to integrate Europe economically via a progressive program of harmonizing national legislation has, particularly in the area of financial markets, given way to a radical...

Interconnectors pose a challenge to EC competition law. Finding investment for capital-intensive infrastructure investment such as interconnectors means that the requirements of financiers and project sponsors for long-term predictability of cash flow is assured. T at usually involves long-term...