The relationship between growth in monetary aggregates and price changes continues to be a subject of considerable debate both in the academic and policy circles. Whereas the more ‘conservative’ policy makers hold that growth in monetary aggregates bear proportionately on prices,...

The paper presents results from a survey of 133 dairy producers in Malaysia, and identifies how Malaysian milk buyers can build a loyal customer base with their suppliers as a means to secure uninterrupted milk supplies. A structural equation model was conducted to test the conceptual model...

This paper is a summary of some of the considerations involved in applying an existing model to a new problem, in particular in deciding whether to update or not, and some of the issues involved in interpreting the output from the new application. Thus where you start from does influence where...

The objective of this paper is to characterize the production of roses at the region of Barbacena and to identify its transaction attributes, that is, asset specificity, transaction frequency, and uncertainty. The research is based on the theoretical framework of the New Institutions Economy...

The theoretical framework developed by the Transaction Costs Economics has been used by several authors to improve the production system different actors’ relationships comprehension. However, Transaction Costs Theory application in agri-industrial Systems have been infrequently treated...

This article analyzes the modernization of the sugar cane industry with the advent of central sugar factories in Piracicaba. Data from enterprises, legal offices and Piracicaba’s periodicals allow us to recognize the strategies that were being used by sugar cane enterprises groups to...

Despite a failure to achieve closure on the Doha Round of WTO negotiations, regional and bilateral trade agreements involving a variety of countries have continued to be negotiated, signed and implemented. Most of the recent trade agreements have contained some environmental provisions, ranging...

Environmental tariffs appear to be a politically necessary part of the climate change policies that are emerging in many countries. The appeal of level playing field arguments is seductive and difficult to dispute. Environmental policy makers, however, may be naïve, because they fail to account...