The method of instrumental variables was first used in the 1920s to estimate supply and demand elasticities, and later … used to correct for measurement error in single-equation models. Recently, instrumental variables have been widely used to …. Intuitively, instrumental variables methods use only a portion of the variability in key variables to estimate the relationships …

every nursing home in the United States, we use the method of instrumental variables (IV) to address the potential …

We use an instrumental variables (IV) approach to examine the effects of dynamic endogeneity when estimating the …

. Substance use has been identified as a leading risk factor in suicidal behaviors. We use instrumental variables to estimate a …

This paper develops the method of local instrumental variables for models with multiple, unordered treatments when … different choice sets. We show how versions of local instrumental variables can identify the corresponding treatment parameters …. Direct application of local instrumental variables identifies the marginal treatment effect of one option versus the next …

We propose a new way to construct instruments in a broad class of economic environments: “granular instrumental … variables” (GIVs). In the economies we study, a few large firms, industries or countries account for an important share of …

econometric work interpreting instrumental variables estimates as weighted averages of individual-specific causal effects …

This paper considers tests of the parameter on endogenous variables in an instrumental variables regression model. The …