Centralized school assignment algorithms must distinguish between applicants with the same preferences and priorities. This is done with randomly assigned lottery numbers, nonlottery tie-breakers like test scores, or both. The New York City public high school match illustrates the latter, using...

This paper estimates demand for residential solar photovoltaic (PV) systems using a new approach to address three empirical challenges that often arise with count data: excess zeros, unobserved heterogeneity, and endogeneity of price. Our results imply a price elasticity of demand for solar PV...

In absence of randomized controlled experiments, identification is often aimed via instrumental variable (IV) strategies, typically two-stage least squares estimations. According to Bayes' rule, however, under a low ex ante probability that a hypothesis is true (e.g. that an excluded instrument...

This paper considers tests and confidence sets (CSs) concerning the coefficient on the endogenous variable in the linear IV regression model with homoskedastic normal errors and one right-hand side endogenous variable. The paper derives a finite-sample lower bound function for the probability...

This chapter sets out the extension of the scope of the classical IV model to cases in which unobserved variables are set-valued functions of observed variables. The resulting Generalized IV (GIV) models can be used when outcomes are discrete while unobserved variables are continuous, when there...

The instrumental variable quantile regression (IVQR) model (Chernozhukov and Hansen, 2005) is a popular tool for estimating causal quantile effects with endogenous covariates. However, estimation is complicated by the non-smoothness and non-convexity of the IVQR GMM objective function. This...

In a model with endogenous regressors, heteroskedastic and autocorrelated (HAC) errors and weak instruments, tests that depend on the data only through the Anderson-Rubin (AR) and Lagrange Multiplier (LM) statistics ignore important information on the regression coefficients. This is in contrast...

Pharmaceutical firms typically enjoy market exclusivity for new drugs from concurrent protection of the underlying invention (through patents) and the clinical trials data submitted for market approval (through data exclusivity). Patent invalidation during drug development renders data...