We develop a new specification test for the IV estimators adopting a particular second order approximation of Bekker (1994). The new specification test compares the difference of the forward (conventional) 2SLS estimator of the coefficient of the right hand side endogenous variable with the...

Cointegration requires all the variables in the system to have exact unit roots; accordingly it is conventional for researchers to test for a unit root in each variable prior to a cointegration analysis. Unfortunately, these unit root tests are not powerful. Meanwhile, conventional cointegration...

This paper studies the Ordinary Least-Squared (OLS) and Instrumental Variables (IV) estimates of the returns to schooling for male workers in Spain. OLS estimates are often biased due to the endogeneity of schooling, measurement errors or omitted variables. Proper IV estimates correct this bias....