coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and 20 studies that evaluate the impact of measures to reduce learning loss. It restricts … developing countries (21) than developed ones (15). We find that a year of school closure is associated with learning loss … measures to reduce learning loss, we find that tutoring delivered either in-person or through mobile phones has positive …

and the Caucasus introduced online classes and TV programs with a view to preventing learning loss. Based on a household …, and Uzbekistan), this is one of the first regional studies to document learning loss and the efficacy of remote learning … analysis finds that online classes reduced perceived learning loss during school closures, but this does not hold for TV …