Using a cross-section of more than 33,000 services firms in 104 low- and middle-income countries from the World Bank's Enterprise Surveys, this paper examines whether the female labor share premium of international firms relative to non-international firms in manufacturing also holds for...

While the importance of export diversification is emphasized in development patterns, the gender issues in this process are rarely covered. This paper empirically assesses the contribution of women's sectoral employment to the export diversification process, using a panel model of 125 developing...

Extreme heat is reshaping life in cities. For millions of people, especially in fast-growing urban areas of the Global South, higher temperatures are making it harder to earn a living, attend school, access healthcare, or move safely throughout the day. Extreme urban heat and lack of sustainable...

This World Bank report highlights the benefits of investing in resilient urban sanitation systems for people, economic growth, and the planet. The report presents a suite of policy, institutional, regulatory, and financing (PIRF) recommendations, and outlines actions that cities and countries...

This joint World Bank and UNHCR report is developed in response to the United Nation (UN) omnibus resolution to coordinate an effort to measure the impact arising from hosting, protecting and assisting refugees. Following this resolution UNHCR, with assistance from the World Bank, led a...

Growing geopolitical risks (GPR) and tensions affecting economic performance can significantly influence sustainable development outcomes. However, previous studies do not address whether GPR hinders sustainable development, assessed through a unique sustainable development metric, the load...