Arts, democracy, and innovation co-evolve. While for the Triple Helix model the existence of a democracy is not necessary for knowledge production and innovation, the Quadruple Helix is here more explicit. The way how the Quadruple Helix is being engineered, designed, and "architected" clearly...

This study aimed to forecast stock prices and daily stock returns of food products manufacturers, accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange, Using evolutionary strategies. The study was divided into two models. First, the time series of 14 variables related to price prediction, for a period of 5 years...

We derive testable conditions ensuring that the income tax is optimal when agents are ex-ante identical but face idiosyncratic income risk. The optimal tax depends positively on both absolute risk aversion and risk variance and negatively on labor supply elasticity and absolute prudence. The...

We derive testable conditions ensuring that the income tax is optimal when agents are ex-ante identical but face idiosyncratic income risk. The optimal tax depends positively on both absolute risk aversion and risk variance and negatively on labor supply elasticity and absolute prudence. The...

Currency collapse, exchange rate misalignment and macroeconomic volatility, are key vices that pose a significant threat to entrepreneurial quality, prosperity and survival. Following to this, and using the philosophies and concepts of the catastrophe theory we show by means of theoretical and...