The aim of this article is to underline that the core paradigm of mainstream economics, the economics’ standard model (ESM), rests upon an explanatory theory that draws on deductive assumptions which are not supported by what observations of the reality of market economies shows us; either in...

Mainstream economic theory relies largely on deductions from assumptions, rather than from inductive assertions based on a previous systematic gathering of observations on the basic elements of a market economy and its dynamics. This is the case for assumptions on: the general pattern of...