This study introduces an integrated vector error correction and directed acyclic graph method for investigating contemporaneous causalities with application to regional scrap steel prices in east, north, south, central, northeast, and southwest China. We use daily data and combine the Peter and...

This study proposes a logical Petri net model to leverage the modeling advantages of Petri nets in handling batch processing and uncertainty in value passing and to integrate relevant game elements from multi-agent game processes for modeling multi-agent decision problems and resolving...

This study focuses on forming planar subgraphs in fuzzy graphs where the planarity value is not equal to 1. The paper commences by introducing the concepts of vertex-deletion (VD) and edge-deletion (ED) operations applied to fuzzy graphs. These operations aim to derive the fuzzy planar subgraphs...

The communities in a network have distinct characteristics and interrelationships. Community discovery methods based on node embedding and deep learning have surpassed spectral clustering and statistical inference as the preferred methods for handling high-dimensional network data. Community...

People have recently begun communicating their thoughts and viewpoints through user-generated multimedia material on social networking websites. This information can be images, text, videos, or audio. With the help of knowledge graphs, it is possible to extract organized knowledge from texts and...