Poussées par la crise économique, et motivées par des contraintes toujours renouvelfées, les entreprises doivent sans cesse cherche à faire mieux et à innover, tant sur les produits que les les processus et les pratiques......

En realidad, a pesar de las apariencias elogiosas que han hecho creer en un "milagro español", el tipo de desarrollo en España, desde su entrada en la CEE en 1986, no era sostenible. Hoy en día, la economía española sufre dos grandes males: su financiarización excesiva y la ausencia de...

This paper questions whether the overseas expansion of a country’s retailers fosters overall bilateral exports towards these host markets. To address this question, we consider an empirical trade model, where the foreign sales of multinational retailers reduce the fixed and variable trade...

We analyze the integration of Brazilian states into domestic and foreign markets from the point of view of their supply conditions. The study period takes in the country’s fast liberalization process with its two sub-periods (1991 and 1997-99). We estimate the states’ domestic and foreign...

With the ambition of transposing trade analysis to an intra-national level, we work on the determinants and the structure of trade among Brazilian states, as well as their trade with international markets. In an introductory chapter, we present the stylized facts concerning the Brazilian trade...