of innovation and growth because it embraced the concept of modularity, building complex products from smaller subsystems … that can be designed independently yet function together as a whole. Modularity freed designers to experiment with …

Modularity refers to the scheme by which interfaces shared among components in agiven product architecture are … practice but also from a theoretical perspective. It is argued that the degree of modularity inherent in a given product … analyzing dynamics and the degree of modularity of a given product architecture by taking into account the following variables …