In this paper, we present both integral and infinite series expressions of μqp≡E[(x′Ax)p/(x′Bx)q] when x∼N(μ,In), where p, q are nonnegative real numbers, A is a symmetric matrix, and B is a positive semi-definite matrix. We also present efficient numerical methods for computing μqp...

The before–after study is still the most popular method used by traffic engineers and transportation safety analysts for evaluating the effects of an intervention. Compared to the cross-sectional study, the before–after study has lower within-subject variability since it directly accounts...

Process capability is defined as inherent variability of a process which is running under chance cause of variation only. Process capability index is measuring the ability of a process to meet the product specification limit. Generally Cp and Cpk have been widely used as statistical tools to...

A multiplicative relationship, drought magnitude (M)=drought intensity (I) × drought duration or length (L) is used as a basis for predicting the largest expected value of hydrological drought magnitude, E(M <Subscript> T </Subscript>) over a period of T-year (or month). The prediction of E(M <Subscript> T </Subscript>) is carried out in...</subscript></subscript>