and how these responses, in turn, are transmitted to the labor market. In previous work, we have argued that outsourcing … input purchases from the Census of Manufactures. We construct industry-by-industry estimates of outsourcing for the period … 1972-1990 and reexamine whether outsourcing has contributed to an increase in relative demand for skilled labor. Our main …

an industry. Also, the initial advantage of a country as a potential host for outsourcing activities can create a lock in … outsourcing …

possible by ICT, including offshoring, outsourcing, remote work, virtual companies, and platforms. A model illustrates how new … a review of the outsourcing and offshoring literature provides instructive examples of how features of the model will …

outsourcing and the lowest in foreign vertical integration. We find that robot adopters fragment their production further by … probability of adoption intensifies the effects on outsourcing and weakens the effects on vertical integration. In contrast to …