the quality and substantiveness of CSO participation - has not been reviewed. For this purpose, the DILG developed the …). This research provides a comprehensive assessment of the baseline participation status in LDCs using the PGM-LDC tool …. Through a rigorous mixed-methods approach, the analysis unpacks LDC participation from the perspectives of LGUs and CSOs …

Purpose - This paper explores how COVID-19 has impacted the shift from public participation by conventional means to e-participation …. Specifically, we investigated to what extent COVID-19 has been a driver for electronic participation in community participatory … concept of e-participation and its sub-concepts and investigated how these were applicable to participatory budgeting. Design …

This paper investigates the role of gender bias in artificial intelligence-driven analyses of citizen participation … participation. The findings show that individuals with reportedly low levels of gender bias, who express political interest, have … factor even after applying corrective measures. Notably, lower machismo thresholds are required for participation in more …