Research shows that in practice supervisors without any constraints to their compensation setting behavior provide lenient performance evaluations to employees. Economic theory criticizes this outcome because leniency provides lower compensation-related motivation for low and medium as well as...

This research develops a new group-based profit difference model for comparing profit performance at the group level with heterogeneous production technology and currencies. The proposed model can fully measure component effects that contribute to cross-group profit variation and also explicitly...

Hedge funds have become an important part of the financial sector. The development of the hedge funds in the Nordic countries has been rather robust. Therefore, it is important to identify the determinants of the hedge fund performance and isolate the managerial performance, i.e., the Jensen's...

This study investigates the impact of material ESG issues on firm performance and risks. Following the guidance of the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB), this study identifies the materiality ESG score of a firm (SASB ESG Score). The SASB ESG Score and the ESG Disclosure Score are...

This report assesses Niger's debt management capacity and institutions through the application of the Debt Management Performance Assessment (DeMPA) methodology. Revisiting the five core dimension areas of the DEMPA, there are key features that stand out. First, in governance and debt management...

A World Bank mission undertook applied the Debt Management Performance Assessment (DeMPA) methodology to evaluate the government's debt management (DM) capacity and institutions in Cabo Verde during March 28 to April 5, 2022. The assessment covers the legal, institutional, and regulatory...