This study determines data driven weights for the indicators in the multidimensional poverty index (MPI), based on partial least squares (PLS), using income as the outcome variable. Consequently, the resulting MPI is particularly useful to income related policy and research questions. An...

Purpose: Mobile and smart devices provide a platform for firms/brands to communicate directly with past, present, or potential consumers (via online pop-ups, sponsored ads, ads on social media messengers, timelines, and walls, etc.). Intense competition among firms and brands resulted in...