simultaneous increase in the cost of padding, that is, a better filtering of patent applications; (iii) upstream firms have more … recent evidence concerning padding. …

approach may consist on zero-padding the shorter time series in order to increase the corresponding number of periodogram …

, firms have an incentive to manipulate their costs (cost padding). This causes monopoly regulation aiming at improving … because cost padding is hampered by firms’ non-cooperative behaviour. …

choice, an increase in the cost of falsification has two effects. First, there is a direct effect that reduces cost padding … because it becomes more expensive to do so. Second, there is an indirect effect that increases cost padding because the firm … responds by choosing lower investments, and lower investments are associated with more cost padding. It is demonstrated that …

padding is ineácient the optimal incentive scheme tolerates some padding of costs to reduce the information rents paid to low … cost types. It is shown that high cost firms pad costs more than low cost ßrms. We also show that cost padding moves … costly, low cost firms face a fixed price contract and engage in no cost padding. High cost ßrms do less well but do engage …