This study employs spatial econometric techniques to examine the heterogeneous effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) on industrialization across China's four major regions - East, Central, West, and Northeast - using panel data from 31 provinces (1998-2016). Our findings reveal significant...

The Arellano-Bond estimator is a fundamental method for dynamic panel data models, widely used in practice. However, the estimator is severely biased when the data's time series dimension T is long due to the large degree of overidentification. We show that weak dependence along the panel's time...