Parallel imports are genuine products imported into the United Kingdom without the consent of the intellectual property … markets. The UK historically allowed parallel imports based on a principle of international exhaustion of rights. This changed …

This article describes the problems of certification and declaration of parallel imports; proves that the certification … of parallel imports is a very negative process for quality standards and from the marketing point of view is nothing but … misleading consumers; proves that the logistics of parallel imports leave no chance for quality products to reach the final …

Parallel imports have been treated very differently in different countries. In the EU, competition law's very strong … (per se) prohibition of restrictions to parallel imports (PI) can be justified by traditional "public interest" concerns …

I study the effect of reference pricing on competition by parallel imports, in particular the market share of parallel … imports and the number of parallel traders. First, I analyze the effect of reference pricing on competition by parallel … parallel traders. Second, I explore the effect of reference pricing on competition by parallel imports using a dataset with …

pharmaceuticals on competition by parallel imports. First, I analyze the effect of a manufacturer rebate on competition by parallel … imports in a two-country model. An increase in the manufacturer rebate increases the market share of parallel imports. Second … data set with prescription drugs with competition from parallel imports, I estimate the effect of the change in the …