The density of fuel filling stations influences consumers' utility of private car transport. Thus, to the extent that different modes of private transport require different fuels, there may exist a network externality in the consumption of private transport. We investigate this in a formal model...

This paper (9,201 words) argues that there is more to the becoming of a market than income-level of the buyer. A market is a fine webbed institutional setting that is worthwhile for economists to study. It argues that there are five characteristics to look at, namely demand, supply, and beyond...

Rumänien ist seit 2007 Mitglied der Europäischen Union. 2004 hat die EU-Kommission die rumänische Volkswirtschaft als funktionierende Marktwirtschaft eingestuft. Trotzdem existieren hohe wirtschaftliche Unterschiede zwischen Rumänien und den restlichen EU-Staaten. Das Land ist relativ groß...

In experimental games, many subjects cooperate contrary to their material interest and they do that in a reciprocal manner. In addition, many subjects punish those others who behave unkindly, and previous history usually influences subjects’ choices. We propose a simple game-theoretical model...

From 1983 onward, Mexico has unswervingly embraced neoliberalism, following the Washington Consensus. After haltingly sliding toward neoliberalism in the 1990s, Brazil has adopted an economic policy stance, sometimes termed "neodevelopmentalism," entailing a forceful and successful "growth with...

The world’s poorest pay for professional services and thus are in a “market,” whether the services are provided in the public or private sectors. The associated problems of unequal information are particularly acute in undergoverned countries, where state regulation is weak. We...