-level allocation of poverty alleviation programs drawing upon National Sample Survey data and the Election Commission's election data … less provision of the poverty alleviation programs. Second, the disadvantaged groups were not necessarily likely to be the … primary beneficiaries of the poverty alleviation programs. Third, our results based on the natural experiment approach suggest …

The role of Poverty Alleviation Programs (PAP) in �ghting poverty and ensuring the satisfaction of basic economic needs …