Typically, in many studies in ecology, epidemiology, biomedicine and others, we are confronted with panels of short time–series of which we are interested in obtaining a biologically meaningful grouping. Here, we propose a bootstrap approach to test whether the regression functions or the...

We consider the optimal behavior of a cryptic prey individual as it is approached by a predator searching for prey. Although the predator has not yet discovered the prey, it has an increasing likelihood of doing so as it gets closer to the prey. Further, the closer the predator is to the prey...

The ability to accurately assess local predation risk is critical to prey individuals, as it allows them to maximize threat-sensitive trade-offs between predator avoidance and other fitness related activities. A wide range of taxonomically diverse prey (including many freshwater fishes) relies...