This paper estimates sectoral demand functions for Italian imports from European Union countries, Japan, Canada and United States. Evidence of two-way flows and product differentiation is an accepted regularity of international trade. We have tried to include considerations of differentiation in...

Resolving the national debate on health care affordability is likely to involve determining how consumer demand for health insurance and health care responds to changes in price or income. Estimates of these responses—measured as price and income elasticities—are often the basis...