Outliers are a well-known problem in survey estimation, and a variety of approaches have been suggested for dealing with them in this context. However, when the focus is on small area estimation using the survey data, much less is known – even though outliers within a small area sample are...

“Constant proportion portfolio insurance” is a popular technique among portfolio insurance strategies: the risky part of a portfolio is reallocated with respect to market conditions, via a fixed parameter (the multiple), guaranteeing a predetermined floor. We propose here to use a...

Issuing employee stock options (ESOs) transfers equity claims from current stockholders to employees, and thereby dilutes existing shareholder interests. Because employees are motivated to exert additional effort toward better performance, the value of transferred ownership claims proxied by ESO...