The power sector of Pakistan has undergone numerous reforms, in this context the present study examines the impact of … these reforms on efficacy and sustainability. The literature on power sector reforms in developing countries is extensive … comprehensive and systematic studies in the case of Pakistan dealing with extensive range of reforms over a long period. This study …

. Unlike GATT-era accessions, WTO accessions involve reforms that extend beyond conventional trade liberalization measures … tracks the progress of reforms in the pre-accession period. We estimate that economies that implemented reforms and made …

This volume documents excerpts from our session on pension reforms in the Nordic countries and Germany at the Annual … been subject to substantial pension reforms in the past decades, foremost in order to respond to the demographic challenges … reforms that adapt to evolving demographic trends, ensure intergenerational fairness, and maintain fiscal sustainability …

We develop a theory of tax reforms for a setting with multi-dimensional heterogeneity amongst taxpayers and multiple … characterization of the conditions under which Pareto- or welfareimproving tax reforms exist. We focus on one application, the taxation … theorems with this analysis yields sufficient statistics for the existence of Pareto- or welfare-improving tax reforms. In the …

competition. Subsequent reforms however raises aggregate employment. Thus, we may have a J-curve like employment response to … gradual and sequential labour market reforms. A big-bang approach to policy reform may work better by avoiding such an initial … consider the broader economic context and potential sectoral shifts when designing labour market reforms. On the other hand …

Ukraine's EU candidate status. Despite the war, Ukraine continues to pursue many reforms, even if their pace has slowed since … makes judicial reforms more difficult and hinders parliament's ability to exercise its functions. The war has weakened the …