This text discusses the regulatory frameworks of public transport systems for urban bus, featuring their main variables and assessing their impact on economic, financial and operational services. Initially, it tried to clarify the reasons for the regulation of urban bus systems from a review of...

This text discusses the regulatory frameworks of public transport systems for urban bus, featuring their main variables and assessing their impact on economic, financial and operational services. Initially, it tried to clarify the reasons for the regulation of urban bus systems from a review of...

Europe's power system is still marked by a distinct national component, and despite some regions with strongly integrated power systems, electricity supply today still has a largely national basis. Policies to decarbonise the power sector may fundamentally alter this situation, because power...

FMS (fixed-to-mobile substitution) has increasingly been echoed within the regulatory agenda of the global and domestic policy actors as the usage of mobile telephony has rapidly exceeded that of the fixed telephony in the last decade. In this line of thinking and upon the drastic changes in...