Friedman, Daniel; Singh, Nirvikar - EconWPA - 2004
A preference for negative reciprocity is an important part of the human emotional repertoire. We model its role in … sustaining cooperative behavior but highlight an intrinsic free-rider problem: the fitness benefits of negative reciprocity are … reciprocity is a meme consisting of a group norm together with low-powered (and low-cost) group enforcement of the norm. The main …