This paper proposes a set of new methods to estimate inequality of opportunity based on conditional inference regression trees. It illustrates how these methods represent a substantial improvement over existing empirical approaches to measure inequality of opportunity. First, the new methods...

Models for assessing the probability of default play an important role in the risk management systems of commercial banks, as they allow assessing the creditworthiness of various counterparties and transactions. Many Russian banks are trying to switch to an advanced approach based on internal...