In contrast to the UK, the USA and Germany, the majority of students in economics in France are female. Using a national survey of three cohorts of French university graduates in economics, we examine the gender differential in early career earnings. There is a significant raw differential in...

Many European countries try to foster youth employment with workplace-based education, called apprenticeship. To analyze the impact of apprenticeship, we conduct a field experiment in France which shows that employers are almost indifferent between inviting to a job interview apprentices not...

Millions of children are forcibly displaced around the world, making child labor a serious risk. However, little is known about this topic due to the difficulty of finding representative datasets for this population and information on child labor. In this study, we use a representative dataset...

In May 1981, President François Mitterrand regularized the status of undocumented immigrant workers in France. The newly legalized immigrants represented 12 percent of the non-French workforce and about 1 percent of all workers. Employers have monopsony power over undocumented workers because...

From the 1990s onward, there has been growing body of scholarly accounts and official reviews suggesting that the Swedish labour market integration policy has failed in its objectives. This article examines the reasons for the persistence of policy failures in the labour market integration of...

This study uses an RCT design to evaluate a new program for increased labor market integration of refugees. The program introduces highly intensive assistance immediately after a residence permit is granted, contrasting previous integration policies which typically constitute lowintensive help...

In mid-2018, international protection applicants were granted permission to access the labour market in Ireland. This followed a landmark Supreme Court ruling in NHV v. the Minister for Justice and Equality, which overturned the prohibition on work for applicants. Between mid-2018 and the end of...

Germany has become the second-most important destination for migrants worldwide. Using all waves from the microcensus, we study their labor market integration over the last 50 years and highlight differences to the US case. Although the employment gaps between immigrant and native men decline...

This Policy Note reports on the analyses undertaken in a number of wiiw Working Papers that are the output of two projects financed by the Anniversary Fund of the Austrian National Bank (Project no. 18474 and no. 17166). Four of the papers are based on survey data from the FIMAS dataset, which...