A concern persistent in scarcity-based market designs for electricity over many years has been the illiquidity of markets for long-term contracts to hedge away volatile price exposures between generators and consumers. These missing markets have been attributed to a range of factors including...

This study examines key indicators impacting China's industrial sector: carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by industry, industrial value added per worker, technology advancement in industrial design, fossil fuel usage, and energy losses in production and transmission. China's industrial sector,...

Central Asian economies, particularly Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, are pursuing increasingly ambitious goals for renewable energy. Apart from China - an established player in the market - it has increasingly been Gulf countries that have been implementing respective projects, particularly Saudi...