We examine the impact of publicly funded biomedical research on the in-house research of the for-profit pharmaceutical industry. Qualitative analysis of the history of the discovery and development of a sample of 21 significant drugs, and a program of interviews with senior managers and...

A common issue arising in international scientific communication concerns the use of zero-, indefinite- and definite articles in English. While existing pedagogical approaches are successfully used to teach near-native competency in the use of English articles, the final stage of...

There is a large stream of literature related to academic copyright. Nonetheless, a comprehensive interdisciplinary analysis of the interplay between economic rights and moral right of paternity appears to be missing. Furthermore, the impact of commodification of research on academic copyright...

Since 1980 universities have been able to commercialize inventions that their faculty researchers create as per the 1980 Bayh-Dole Act (P.L. 96-517). Research universities can now own and license these inventions to small and well established companies. Since 1980, research universities have...

This work attempts to discuss knowledge sharing as part of the Open Science movement. It attempts to briefly analyze its historical development and the options for modern implementation of the open science idea. It discusses the process of knowledge sharing as an element of recognition of...

This paper surveys the major changes in patent policy and practice that have occurred in the last two decades in the U.S., and reviews the existing analyses by economists that attempt to measure the impacts these changes have had on the processes of technological change. It also reviews the...

Using detailed data on biotechnology in Japan, we find that identifiable collaborations" between particular university star scientists and firms have a large positive impact on firms'" research productivity, increasing the average firm's biotech patents by 34 percent development by 27 percent,...

Individuals involved in basic research, like other workers, respond to incentives. Funding agencies provide implicit incentives when they specify the rules by which awards are made. The following analysis is an exercise in understanding incentives at an applied level. Specific rules are examined...

Corporate fraud scandals in recent years resulted in significant regulatory changes as well as growing interest in fraud-related accounting and audit research. However, the scientific landscape of fraud literature has become increasingly fragmented and little is known about the development and...