Die Bundestagswahl 2017 wirft ihre Schatten voraus. Das kommt auch in den unterschiedlichen Argumenten zur gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung zum Ausdruck, die die Vertreter der verschiedenen Parteien und Interessengruppen derzeit in den Medien vortragen. Jochen Pimpertz hat drei aktuelle Fragen...

We examine how a German paid parental leave reform causally affected early childhood living arrangements. The reform replaced a means-tested benefit with a universal transfer paid out for a shorter period. Using a difference-in-differences design, we find that the reform increased the...

The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not livelihood diversification strategies are significant predictors of rural households’ farmland management practices. To this end, the two-limit Tobit econometric model was employed to analyse the nexus between livelihood diversification...

Debates over living standards, poverty and inequality in the UK are often hampered by the fact that official data on household incomes are available only with a significant lag. Currently, the latest statistics are for 2014-15. In this report, we attempt to fill this gap by estimating what has...

In work-poverty has become a pressing social issue in Europe. The self-employed remain relatively uncharted terrain in this context. With about 15 percent of European workers in self-employment this group can no longer be ignored, especially since self-employment is on the rise in many...

We estimate calories available to workers' households in the USA, Belgium, Britain, France and Germany in 1890/1. We employ data from the United States Commissioner of Labor survey (see Haines, 1979) of workers in key export industries. We estimate that households in the USA, on average, had...