It has been an old argument that Business Corporation is a legal entity, a separate entity, and separate from the owner. It has a blanket to protect itself from being sued. The corporate veil has been used as a shield to protect itself from prosecution. With such protection, how can it be...

We propose a theory of international agreements on product standards. The key feature of the model is that agreements are viewed as incomplete contracts. In particular, these do not specify standards for products that may arise in the future. One potential remedy to contractual incompleteness is...

As membership in traditional defined-benefit pension plans declines, plans in which benefits are contingent on the financial status of the plan are becoming more common. Rather than placing all the risk on sponsors to deliver guaranteed benefits to members, these contingent pension plans require...

The markets in which organizations currently operate require them to use behaviour based on both exploitation strategy and exploration strategy, each of which contributes fundamental benefits for the firm’s success. Exploitation strategy attempts to obtain the maximum advantage from existing...

This study aimed at examining the determinants of parcel possession of Certificates of Customary Ownership in Uganda. We were particularly more interested in find out if Certificates of Customary Ownership are pro-poor−that is if they are possessed by parcels belonging to households...

Traditional analyses of standards in international trade identify standards as government regulations and investigate the potential for distortion of trade flows. In reality, however, private industry groups exercise critical influence on the determination of technical standards. The composition...

This paper investigates the effects of Environmental Management System standards (EMS standards), such as the ISO 14001, on the environmental performance of French manufacturing plants from 2001 to 2017. The impact of EMS certificates depends on the pollutant considered. For instance, adopters...

Under current Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002 (FISMA) requirements, all new Federal information technology (IT) programs and modernization efforts using blockchain must meet National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) cryptographic standards. This report evaluates...