We discuss recent work evaluating the role of the government in shaping the economy during the long 19th century, a practice we refer to as industrial policy. We show that states deployed a vast variety of different policies aimed at, primarily, but not exclusively, fostering industrialization....

Sustainability is now a part of all areas of today's society and has become a cornerstone of economic, social, and environmental prosperity. Its pivotal role means that sustainability has also influenced the innovation process. Over the last few decades, new innovation-related concepts linked to...

Purpose Due to dramatic transformation of the auto industry, governments are implementing innovation policies to ensure the domain of sustainable technologies. According to the literature, developing countries that depend on multinational subsidiaries must invest in complementary innovation to...

Purpose - the main goal of the paper is to examine the role of macroeconomic factors in promoting the technological development of upper-middle-income countries. Research methodology - to carry on with the investigation the paper selected the expenditure in research and development as a proxy...