This discussion paper analyzes the catching-up and leapfrogging strategies implemented in China as a mechanism to overcome the middle-income trap. For this, it adopts the theoretical and methodological framework of the sectorial innovation system and the technological catch-up according to the...

This discussion paper analyzes the catching-up and leapfrogging strategies implemented in China as a mechanism to overcome the middle-income trap. For this, it adopts the theoretical and methodological framework of the sectorial innovation system and the technological catch-up according to the...

A mobilisation of research, knowledge transfer and innovation to deal with the current challenges as raising world food demand while protecting natural resources is a priority area of the EU. The effective knowledge transfer and innovation activities in the agri-food supply chain may push all...

The Brazilian legislation did not recognize pharmaceutical patents for products and processes up until 1996, an exemption which started in 1945 for products and 1969, for processes. In this period, the domestic companies freely reproduced medicines developed by large companies from abroad and...