As an integral part of the global supply chain network, Indonesian supply chain entities should understand conditional seaport risk factors that could lead to seaport threats that affect supply chain continuity. This study aims to provide a procedure for evaluating the interdependencies,...

Due to the escalating electricity demand from industrialization and modernization, it is imperative to explore clean and sustainable energy sources. Solar energy has become a feasible solution for this surging demand. Solar panels, vital components of solar power systems, are crucial in...

Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods are crucial for addressing complex real-world problems with multiple conflicting criteria. One of the most common MCDM methods is the Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) method, which combines the weighted sum (WSM) and weighted...

In this paper, we propose the Two-Echelon Location-Routing Problem with Fuzzy Demand (2E-LRP-FD) of the " county-township-village" e-commerce logistics network. Firstly, a bi-objective model of profit maximization of logistics enterprises considering government subsidies and carbon emissions...

This study proposes a novel approach to fuzzy N-soft sets for handling cases where membership degree and grade are not related. In the standard model of fuzzy N-soft sets, membership degree and grade are assumed to be directly proportional. This assumption may not hold true in real-world...

Probabilistic dual hesitant fuzzy set (PDHFS), as a decision information preference combining membership degree (MD) and non-membership degree (NMD) and probability, is an important tool to express uncertain information powerfully. It is well known that distance measures are very useful tools in...