In contrast with the classical models of frictionless financial markets, market models with proportional transaction costs, even satisfying usual no-arbitrage properties, may admit arbitrage opportunities of the second kind. This means that there are self-financing portfolios with initial...

In contrast with the classical models of frictionless financial markets, market models with proportional transaction costs, even satisfying usual no-arbitrage properties, may admit arbitrage opportunities of the second kind. This means that there are self-financing portfolios with initial...

We extend the Robust No Free Lunch (RNFL) theorem formulated for discrete-time models with proportional transaction costs to general continuous-time settings. We prove that the (RNFL) condition is equivalent to the existence of a strictly consistent price system, i.e. a martingale evolving in...