Monitoring systems in sheet metal forming cannot rely on direct measurements of the physical condition of interest … selected methods represent either established methods in sheet metal forming force data analysis, dimensionality reduction for …

To improve sheet metal forming process simulation using finite element method, there is a need to incorporate an … near to actual sheet metal forming process testing tool. A cyclic loading tool has been developed to test and record the … effect. It was found that the Bauschinger effect does occur during bending and unbending loadings in sheet metal forming …