This article uses a nonparametric production frontier approach to investigate the operating efficiency differences by the impacts of capital expenditure and business model in the global semiconductor industry. Handling the impact of capital expenditure as a fixed input by the directional...

Policies that impact the production sector, such as intermediate goods taxation (e.g. taxing robots) and trade liberalization create winners and losers. When do we need to integrate pre-distribution concerns in the design of these production policies? Should we consider the endogenous changes of...

In the data envelopment analysis (DEA) literature, productivity change captured by the Malmquist productivity index, especially in terms of a deterministic environment and stochastic variability in inputs and outputs, has been somewhat ignored. Therefore, this study developed a frm-specifc,...