(or demand elasticity) on the alternative route, and (3) enables both the design of system optimal TCS and the analysis of …

-back in a system optimal dynamic traffic assignment for traffic networks with multiple O–D pairs. Rigorous numerical results … artificially held back on links in spite of the availability of downstream capacity. Holding-back occurs naturally in some system … optimal dynamic traffic assignment models. In this paper, we focus on the holding back issue in the cell transmission based …

commuters. We first prove that in the system optimal assignment, the queue time must be zero for all the departures. Based on … this result, the system optimal problem is formulated as a linear program. The solution existence and uniqueness are … which the system optimal solution is also an equilibrium solution. Extensive computational results are reported to …