Job training is widely regarded as crucial for protecting workers from automation, yet there is a lack of empirical evidence to support this belief. Using internationally harmonized data from over 90,000 workers across 37 industrialized countries, we construct an individual-level measure of...

The oil and gas industry’s early 2000’s fracking and horizontal drilling revolution realigned the industry and larger economies. This study uses New Growth Theory to evaluate innovation across an industry with various integrated but distinct upstream, midstream, and downstream units. Two...