The European Union is portrayed as a realm of international cooperation and coordination, of convergence and cohesion (via freedoms of movement and common policies), retaining ingrained traits such as member states geopolitical competition (with national interests on collision courses,...

The era of debt, in the context of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, imposes the need to investigate how improvements in public and private debt can be achieved. This paper analyses the impact of the new technologies and political-economic systems on the economy reflected through the public debt of...

Sustainability relies on economic, social, and environmental factors. This study investigates their impact on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in G7 countries from 2002 to 2020, employing the IV-GMM model. The empirical result found that economic, social factors and technological...

The emergence of green finance plays a pivotal part in propelling the transition towards sustainable energy and the advancement of environmentally conscious economic development. In this comprehensive study, data from 30 Chinese provinces spanning the period 2010 to 2020 is used to examine the...

By using the Global Malmquist-Luenberger (GML) index method to measure the green economic growth (GEG) of 30 Chinese provinces from 2007 to 2019, this research employs a dynamic panel model to estimate the nexus between the digital economy and GEG, focusing specifically on the role of...

Using a panel dataset of six emerging economies from 1990 to 2021, the study analyzed the moderating influence of financial institutions and markets on the deployment of Climate Mitigation Innovation (CMI) and its impact on carbon emissions. Our results from BRIICS countries (i.e. Brazil,...