This paper examines Thailand’s wine industry and tariffs on wine and any intermediate inputs. This is achieved using firm-level data in computing the effective protection rate on wine within Thailand. Findings on the effective rate for the domestic wine industry are greater than the nominal...

This paper studies tariff-tax reforms in a calibrated two-region global New Keynesian model composed of a developing and an advanced region. In our baseline calibration, a revenue-neutral reform that lowers tariffs in developing countries can reduce domestic welfare. The reason is that the...

This paper briefly reviews new indices of trade restrictiveness and trade facilitation that have been developed at the World Bank. The paper also compares the trade impact of different types of trade restrictions applied at the border with the effects of domestic policies that affect trade...

Albeit nominal tariffs have been decreasing in the past decades, the rise of global manufacturing along global value chains lead to their accumulation along the international supply chain. From a "trade in tasks" perspective, Effective Protection Rates provide important insights on the impact of...

This 2008 Article IV Consultation highlights that South Africa’s economic performance has strengthened in the last several years, with real GDP growing by 5–5½ percent in 2005–07, inflation declining to mid-single digits until recently, and employment growing steadily....

Building on the results of the OECD-WTO Trade in Value-Added TiVA database, the paper analyses the evolution of effective protection in about 50 developed and developing countries from 1995 to 2008. The paper reviews also the role of preferential agreements on effective protection as well as the...