China's GDP reached US$ 1.159 trillion in 2001, making it the sixth largest economy in the world. In addition the Chinese government has reformed its economy, liberated market forces and opened up many industries to foreign investors. However, the surge of Foreign Direct Investment in China will...

This paper examines the effect of environmental regulation on a firm’s incentives to invest in developing cheaper (clean-up) technologies in a model where consumers are willing to pay for environmentally clean technologies. It focuses on two types of policies: a BAT based policy and a...

This paper reviews a selection of the comparative research on the <p> organisation of skills and work in different countries. It argues that despite <p> differences in institutional means, such as keiretsu and structured <p> apprenticeship, the ends, in terms of a capacity to organise skills, is <p>...</p></p></p></p>

This paper is a review of the role of innovation as substitution threat. The interesting strategy for those facing what in retrospect proves to be full substitution is the strategy of ‘switch’ to the substituting technology. The context-dependent uncertainty involved in the switch decision...