Traditional financial performance metrics have served well throughout the inclusion era, but they are no longer in sync with the skills and competitiveness that organizations are attempting to learn. This study examined the role of intellectual capital disclosure (ICD) in mediating the...

In the past few decades, companies have begun to pay attention to the issue of whether companies that are engaged in CSR activities enhance firm value remains a subject of debate. From the perspective of agency theory, high-CSR companies can encounter poor financial performance and a reduction...

We study aggregate capital dynamics in an investment model with idiosyncratic productivity shocks, fixed capital adjustment costs, and irreversibility driven by a wedge between capital purchase and resale prices. We derive sufficient statistics capturing the role of investment frictions on...

This study investigates how a firm's climate change risk (FCCR) and financial flexibility (FIFL) affect its value and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. We use data from publicly listed US firms for 2012-2021. We employed four estimation methods: bootstrap quantile...