Gunning, Wade; Van Vuuren, Gary - In: Cogent Economics & Finance 7 (2019) 1, pp. 1-15
error and active managers are constrained by investment mandates including a restriction on tracking error. The locus of … possible portfolio risks and returns, constrained by a tracking error is elliptical, and the main axis slope's sign and … and market timing, but these bets necessarily give rise to risk. The risk, relative to the benchmark, is the tracking …